Frozen shoulder pain- Common symptoms and causes

Key Highlights

Introduction

Frozen shoulders can make daily activities hard and can lower your quality of life. This is a medical problem also called adhesive capsulitis. With this, you get shoulder pain, stiffness, and you cannot move your arm as much as before. No one knows the exact reason, but it mostly comes from swelling in the shoulder capsule and the build-up of scar tissue. The signs often show up slowly. If you do not get help, frozen shoulders can last a few years. Knowing about its signs and what triggers it, as well as the available treatments, can help you take control of your shoulder pain and feel better.

Understanding Frozen Shoulder Pain

 

Frozen shoulder, also called adhesive capsulitis, happens when inflammation makes the shoulder joint capsule thick. This brings pain and stiffness to your shoulder. It can make it hard for you to move the affected arm and shoulder as you like.

 

There are a few things that can lead to this. Frozen shoulder is often linked to medical problems like diabetes or prolonged inactivity, such as after an injury. Scar tissue can build up in the capsule, which leaves your shoulder feeling “frozen.” This cuts down your normal range of motion even more. To get better, you will need to manage pain and work to bring back movement in the shoulder joint. This takes time, and you have to be patient with the whole process.

What is frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis)?

Frozen shoulder, also called adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that causes pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. The capsule around the shoulder thickens and tightens because of inflammation. This makes it hard to move the shoulder. Frozen shoulder often starts slowly. It can make daily activities tough for people.

How does frozen shoulder affect the shoulder joint?

A frozen shoulder affects how well your shoulder joint works. It happens because of stiffness, inflammation, and scarring inside the joint. Over time, the joint capsule thickens and hardens, making it harder for you to move your arm as you would like.

 

Scar tissue builds up inside the capsule. This stops the ball-and-socket from moving like it should for things you do every day, like bathing or getting dressed. You will see a significant loss of motion in the shoulder. You can also feel pain and discomfort with even small movements.

 

There is also less synovial fluid around the joint capsule, so the parts do not glide smoothly. This makes the shoulder even stiffer and sore. As it tightens more, your shoulder can get locked in place, with even more loss of motion. When this happens, stretching or different forms of therapy can help reverse the stiffness or other problems that come with frozen shoulder.

 

Common Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder

 

Frozen shoulder causes ongoing pain and stiffness. This makes it hard to move your shoulder. You may not be able to lift your arm or carry things as you usually do. The loss of motion makes simple tasks challenging.

 

The symptoms of frozen shoulder get worse at certain times. These can affect your daily life and your ability to use your shoulder. During the freezing stage, you notice more loss of motion and pain. Later, the shoulder feels stiff primarily, and the pain may go down. At this point, working to get back your normal movement is very important.

Early signs to watch for

 

Noticing the first signs of a frozen shoulder can help you get treatment at the right time. Early signs often start as a dull shoulder pain and reduced movement. This may get worse with time.

 

  1. Stiffness in the shoulder that happens when there is no apparent injury.
  2. Pain in your shoulder that gets worse at night or when you lie on the affected side.
  3. It gets hard to lift your arm over your head because of the inflammation.
  4. Your usual shoulder movements, like reaching for things, are not as easy.

 

The signs may look small at first. But with time, you can get more stiffness and lose even more movement in your shoulder. If your shoulder pain persists or you can no longer perform everyday activities, see a healthcare provider soon. Acting early can help stop other problems with frozen shoulder, shoulder pain, loss of motion, stiffness, and inflammation.

Progressive stages and their symptoms

Frozen shoulder has three main stages. Each stage has its own signs to look out for: 

 

 

In the freezing phase, the shoulder gets very painful and stiff. This pain is often worse at night and makes it hard to sleep. When you reach the frozen stage, pain usually gets better, but the stiffness remains strong. This makes it challenging to move your arm or perform daily tasks. Later, in the thawing phase, movement starts to get better, but some discomfort remains. It can take over a year in this phase to feel back to normal. Getting frozen shoulder checked early and starting care right away helps to lower pain across all these stages.

 

Main Causes of Frozen Shoulder

 

Frozen shoulder often starts when there is an injury, if you can’t move your shoulder for a long time, or if you have some health problems. Two important medical conditions that can lead to adhesive capsulitis are diabetes and thyroid issues.

 

Other things can raise your risk of getting frozen shoulder. These include getting older, being a woman, and having shoulder surgery or a shoulder injury. When you know what can cause this, you can work to handle your symptoms. This also helps you stop your shoulder from getting too stiff and painful.

Risk factors and triggers

Some things can increase your risk of frozen shoulder. If your shoulder does not move for a long time after an injury or surgery, this can lead to adhesive capsulitis.

 

  • Diabetes: Up to 20% of people with diabetes get frozen shoulder.
  • Thyroid disorders: Having low or high thyroid levels can lead to this problem.
  • Heart disease: Movements get affected after treatment, which harms your shoulder.
  • Shoulder injuries: Breaks or tendon tears can make you more likely to get it.

 

Besides health problems, waiting too long to start rehab or not stretching your shoulder enough after it is still sore for a while can make frozen shoulder worse. That is why regular stretching and movement are very important to prevent it from starting. These things can help you avoid problems with frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis, even if you have heart disease or other risks.

Underlying medical conditions that contribute

Several health problems can lead to frozen shoulder, also called adhesive capsulitis. These problems make the shoulder hurt and get stiff. When you have arthritis, the joint capsule can get inflamed. Rotator cuff tendinitis can injure your shoulder muscles and tendons, which makes it hard to move your arm.

 

Other issues, like bursitis and calcium deposits, make it harder for the joint to stay slippery, which adds to the stiffness. Hypothyroidism, heart disease, and stroke can also make your shoulder stiff. They cause you to move your shoulder less, and this may let scar tissue build up in the capsule over time. If these health problems are treated, it can improve your shoulder’s mobility and may lower the risk of frozen shoulder and adhesive capsulitis.

Conclusion

Frozen shoulder pain can get in the way of your day-to-day life. It can even stop you from doing things you enjoy. The earlier you notice the signs and the things that can cause it, the sooner you can start dealing with frozen shoulder and shoulder pain the right way. If you know what to look out for, you can plan for treatment in good time and start to feel better.

 

It is important to remember that having a frozen shoulder may be hard, but you don’t have to face it alone. The best thing is to talk with a healthcare professional. They will help you understand what is happening and tell you about the treatments you need.

 

The more you do for your health now, the more you help your body later. Try to find out what you can do to ease your pain and get back your shoulder movement. Do not wait to reach out for help. You can start your recovery today.

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FAQs

How is frozen shoulder diagnosed?

Frozen shoulder diagnosis often starts with a physical exam. The healthcare provider will check the range of motion in your arm. Both how far you move your arm and how far they can move it for you will be tested. Sometimes, shoulder X-rays help rule out other problems like arthritis. An MRI or ultrasound may also be used to assess for rotator cuff damage. The diagnosis mainly looks for limits in your arm’s motion when you try to move it in different ways.

Yes, frozen shoulders can get better on their own over time. But it might take many months or even a few years. Some people who do not get any help may still see their frozen shoulders get better. Still, if you go for treatment, the healing can be faster. It can also help lower the pain and help you get back to your daily activities. Getting help means you have a better chance of moving your arm and feeling good again soon.

Promising treatments for this include physical therapy to help with stretching and strengthening the muscles. Corticosteroid injections can give pain relief. Home exercises can help you improve your joint mobility. Painkillers are used to take away some of the discomfort. Surgery is something doctors may look at only if other simple ways do not work.

Recovery can take a few months or even up to a few years. It depends on how bad the injury is. If you do physical therapy and stretching often, your recovery happens slowly. Getting help early can speed things up. But the affected arm may not be as good as the other one for a while. Most people need about 6 months to 2 years for the affected arm to regain full movement.

Preventive steps for adhesive capsulitis include doing special shoulder exercises and stretching every day. You should also try to keep your shoulder moving after any injury or surgery. Going for regular checkups can help you find and deal with stiffness early. Warm showers can help your shoulder muscles relax and make it easier for you to move. This can lower the risk of getting adhesive capsulitis.

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